Journal of Nutrition and Health Care (JUNIC) p-ISSN: 3062-9071 | e-ISSN: 3062-9055 Journal of Nutrition and Health Care (JUNIC) is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal dedicated to advancing research and innovation in nutrition, dietetics, food science, public health, clinical nutrition, community nutrition, and health care. The journal publishes high-quality original research articles, review articles, short communications, and evidence-based studies that contribute to improving human health and nutritional well-being. All submitted manuscripts undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to ensure scientific quality, originality, methodological soundness, and ethical integrity. JUNIC is accredited as a SINTA 3 Journal by the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia. Why Publish in JUNIC? ✔ Peer-Reviewed Journal ✔ Open Access Publication ✔ Double-Blind Review Process ✔ DOI for Every Published Article ✔ SINTA 3 Accredited Journal ✔ Indexed in National and International Databases
Clinical Nutrition and Health: Diagnosis, Therapy, and Disease Prevention
Clinical nutrition plays a central role in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of nutrition-related diseases such as diabetes, obesity, anemia, cardiovascular disorders, and malnutrition. In recent decades, the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases has highlighted the importance of nutrition as both a preventive and therapeutic tool in healthcare systems. This paper examines the fundamental principles of clinical nutrition, focusing on its application in disease diagnosis, dietary intervention, and long-term health maintenance. A qualitative literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed scientific articles, international health organization reports, and clinical guidelines related to medical nutrition therapy. The findings indicate that personalized nutrition interventions significantly improve patient outcomes, reduce disease complications, and enhance overall quality of life. Moreover, interdisciplinary collaboration among dietitians, physicians, and public health professionals is essential for effective implementation of clinical nutrition strategies. This study concludes that integrating clinical nutrition into mainstream healthcare is crucial for reducing the global burden of nutrition-related diseases and promoting sustainable health systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Nutrition and Health Care
The Biochemical Role of Nutrition in the Regulation of Metabolism and Body Health
Nutritional biochemistry is a branch of science that studies the relationship between the chemical structure of nutrients and their biological functions in the body. Nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, play a role in metabolic processes, energy formation, and regulation of physiological functions. This article discusses the biochemical role of nutrients in supporting the body's metabolism and maintaining health, focusing on enzymatic mechanisms, metabolic pathways, as well as the use of nutritional biomarkers for nutritional status evaluation. An in-depth understanding of the biochemical aspects of nutrition helps in the development of effective diet, supplementation, and health intervention strategies.
Nutritional and Bioactive Aspects in Functional Food Development
Functional foods are designed to provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition by combining essential nutrients with bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, polyphenols, probiotics, prebiotics, and omega 3 fatty acids. These bioactive compounds help regulate physiological functions by reducing oxidative stress, modulating inflammation, improving gut microbiota balance, supporting immune response, and lowering the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. The development of functional foods requires careful selection of raw materials that are naturally rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. Processing techniques such as fermentation, encapsulation, controlled heating, and drying play a critical role in maintaining bioactive stability, enhancing bioavailability, and ensuring sensory quality. Furthermore, interactions between nutrients and bioactive compounds must be considered to optimize health benefits without compromising taste, texture, or safety. Overall, functional food development is a multidisciplinary approach that combines nutrition science, food chemistry, and biotechnology. By integrating evidence-based formulations, manufacturers can produce foods that not only meet dietary needs but also actively promote health, prevent disease, and improve overall quality of life.
Optimization of Nutrition Service Planning and Organization for Improving Public Health
Optimization of nutrition services is one of the strategic efforts in improving public health through the provision of effective and efficient nutrition services. This article discusses the importance of careful planning and systematic organization in nutrition services, including in hospitals, health centers, schools, and the food industry. Planning includes identifying people's nutritional needs, prioritizing programs, and developing operational standards, while organization includes task sharing, resource management, and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. With the implementation of this strategy, nutrition services become more structured, on target, and able to improve the quality of nutrition interventions. Optimizing nutrition service planning and organization also has an impact on reducing the risk of malnutrition, increasing public awareness about healthy eating, and improving overall public health. The results of this study emphasize that the integration between planning and organization is the key to the success of sustainable nutrition services.
The Role of Nutrition in Optimizing Athletic Performance and Recovery: A Literature Review
Nutrition plays a critical role in supporting physical performance and recovery in athletes. Adequate intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, proper hydration, and appropriate supplementation can influence endurance, strength, and speed during training and competition. This study aims to analyze the role of nutrition in optimizing athlete performance and recovery by examining nutritional requirements, hydration strategies, supplement use, and dietary patterns that support muscle regeneration. A literature review approach was employed, analyzing scientific articles, books, and recent research reports on sports nutrition, physical recovery, and supplementation. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically to identify the relationship between nutrient intake and physical performance indicators, as well as the effectiveness of recovery strategies following athletic activities.mThe findings indicate that balanced consumption of carbohydrates, proteins, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals enhances energy capacity, accelerates muscle recovery, and reduces fatigue and injury risk. Proper hydration also supports bodily homeostasis and maintains performance during training or competition. Targeted supplementation, when applied appropriately, can further enhance physiological adaptation and muscle tissue regeneration. Overall, systematic nutrition planning and personalized nutrient intake are essential for improving performance and accelerating recovery in athletes. These findings provide practical guidance for coaches, sports nutritionists, and athletes in developing effective nutritional strategies to support athletic achievement and long-term health.
Effective Communication in Midwifery Practice Strengthening Patient Trust and Maternal Health Outcomes
Effective communication forms the foundation of safe and high-quality midwifery care. Beyond the transmission of medical information, communication in midwifery involves empathy, respect, and therapeutic interaction that build trust and improve maternal experiences. In Indonesia, communication competence among midwives plays a crucial role in achieving national maternal health goals and reducing preventable complications. This paper explores the conceptual framework and practical relevance of effective communication in midwifery practice, emphasizing its role in strengthening patient trust, improving service satisfaction, and enhancing maternal health outcomes. Using a descriptive qualitative and literature-based approach, this study synthesizes theoretical and empirical evidence from midwifery, communication, and behavioral health disciplines. Sources from 2018–2025, including textbooks, journal articles, and WHO and ICM guidelines, were analyzed through narrative synthesis focusing on three key dimensions: interpersonal, informational, and therapeutic communication. The analysis revealed that effective midwifery communication characterized by active listening, empathy, and clarity significantly increases maternal trust, adherence to care, and satisfaction with services. Communication also reduces anxiety, facilitates early complication detection, and strengthens interprofessional collaboration within maternity teams. Barriers such as workload, cultural diversity, and time constraints highlight the need for continuous professional development and institutional support. Effective communication is a clinical skill that integrates emotional intelligence with technical expertise. By embedding communication training into midwifery education and policy standards, healthcare systems can foster trustful, patient-centered relationships that contribute to improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Nutrition and Health Care
Behavioral Change Communication and Vaccine Acceptance: A Framework for Strengthening Public Trust in Health Interventions
Vaccine hesitancy remains a global challenge that threatens public health achievements, particularly in the post-pandemic era. Beyond scientific efficacy, vaccine acceptance is largely determined by how health messages are communicated, perceived, and trusted. Behavioral Change Communication (BCC) provides a framework that integrates psychological, social, and cultural factors to encourage informed and voluntary participation in vaccination programs. This study aims to examine the conceptual role of BCC in promoting vaccine acceptance and rebuilding public trust in health interventions, focusing on its application within the Indonesian context. A qualitative conceptual analysis was conducted using literature published between 2019 and 2025. The study synthesized theoretical models such as the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Social Ecological Model (SEM), along with national and international reports on vaccine communication and public behavior. The findings highlight that empathetic, transparent, and participatory communication strategies are key to overcoming misinformation and strengthening public trust. BCC operates through four dimensions message design, media selection, community participation, and behavioral reinforcement each contributing to sustained vaccine confidence. Digital communication platforms further expand outreach but require ethical regulation to prevent misinformation. BCC should be institutionalized as a core strategy in vaccination programs and public health policy. By fostering dialogue, empathy, and community engagement, health systems can transform communication from one-way persuasion into genuine partnership, leading to improved vaccine acceptance and collective health resilience.
Strengthening Emergency Maternal and Neonatal Care A Provincial Initiative to Improve PONED Capacity in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Maternal and neonatal mortality remain major public health concerns in Indonesia, particularly in rural and under-resourced regions. Despite national policies promoting emergency obstetric and neonatal care (PONED), disparities persist due to limited human resource capacity, inadequate facility preparedness, and weak referral coordination. This study describes the design, implementation, and outcomes of the GADAR PONED 2025 initiative, a provincial-level program aimed at improving the quality and responsiveness of emergency maternal and neonatal services in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a descriptive and participatory approach, the program integrated structured training, simulation-based learning, and inter-facility coordination across 15 district-level puskesmas. The intervention involved multidisciplinary teams of doctors, midwives, and nurses, emphasizing clinical skills, communication, and decision-making in emergency scenarios. Data were drawn from training evaluations, supervision reports, and stakeholder feedback. Findings showed a significant improvement in participants’ clinical competency, teamwork, and confidence in managing obstetric and neonatal emergencies. Facility assessments indicated enhanced preparedness through better resource allocation and referral response times. The establishment of communication networks among PONED teams and hospitals further reduced delays in emergency handling. The GADAR PONED 2025 initiative demonstrates that integrating human resource training with system preparedness and referral coordination can effectively strengthen maternal and neonatal emergency care. This provincial model provides a practical framework for scaling up sustainable, decentralized health interventions aligned with Indonesia’s efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3.1 and 3.2).
Free Nutritious Meals and Food Availability: Strengthening Community Nutrition for Indonesian Children
Child malnutrition remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, particularly among children under five years old. In response, the government launched the Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) or Free Nutritious Meals program to provide balanced meals and reduce disparities in food access. However, its success depends on the integration of food availability, nutrition education, and community participation. This paper aims to describe the role of free nutritious meal programs and food availability in improving child nutrition and strengthening community food systems within the MBG framework. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through literature-based and policy analysis. Data and insights were synthesized from government reports, academic publications, and international references related to child nutrition, food systems, and public health programs from 2018–2025. The analysis highlights that the MBG program has the potential to improve children’s nutritional status when supported by local food production and consistent nutrition education. Community involvement is essential to ensure food diversity, safety, and sustainability. Strengthening partnerships among schools, health centers, and local producers can enhance program efficiency and long-term impact. The MBG initiative serves as more than a feeding program, it is a strategic approach to strengthen community nutrition. Integrating continuous education, local food empowerment, and community ownership can transform the program into a sustainable ecosystem for improving children’s health and achieving Indonesia’s vision of a healthy generation.
Comparative Analysis of Plant-Based Diets and Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
Digital Health Interventions for Chronic Disease Management A Systematic Review
Chronic diseases represent a significant global health burden, necessitating innovative approaches to enhance management and improve outcomes. Digital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to address the complex challenges of chronic disease management. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the effectiveness, implementation factors, and economic implications of digital health interventions across multiple chronic conditions. Implementation success was associated with user-centered design, simple interfaces, and healthcare provider involvement, while technical difficulties and limited digital literacy emerged as significant barriers. Economic analyses, available for 18 studies, indicated cost-effectiveness for interventions targeting respiratory conditions and diabetes. Digital health interventions offer effective approaches to enhance chronic disease management, with benefits spanning clinical outcomes, patient experience, and potentially healthcare resource utilization. Future research should prioritize longer-term evaluations, standardized outcome reporting, and studies in diverse populations to ensure equitable access and benefit. Successful implementation requires attention to design, integration with healthcare systems, and accessibility across diverse patient populations.
Sleep Quality and Duration Associations with Metabolic Health Markers
Sleep disturbances have become an increasingly common public health issue in modern society, with potentially significant metabolic consequences. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and duration with key metabolic health markers. In this cross-sectional observational study, data from 1,250 adult participants (aged 25-65 years) were collected using a combination of polysomnography, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Parameters assessed included fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, inflammatory markers, and indicators of body composition. Results revealed significant inverse correlations between sleep duration and fasting blood glucose levels (p<0.001), insulin resistance (p<0.001), and inflammatory markers including CRP (p<0.01). Additionally, poor sleep quality was independently associated with unfavorable lipid profiles, including elevated triglycerides (p<0.01) and reduced HDL (p<0.05), after adjusting for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, and body mass index. Subgroup analyses revealed that sleep effects on metabolic parameters were more pronounced in individuals with higher body mass indices and those with pre-existing metabolic syndrome. These findings affirm the importance of adequate sleep patterns in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and suggest that interventions targeting sleep improvement may have therapeutic applications in the management of metabolic disorders.
The Impact of Mindfulness Meditation on Stress Reduction and Immune Function
This study investigated the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on psychological stress and immune function in healthy adults. In a randomized controlled trial, 68 participants were assigned to either an 8-week MBSR program or an active control condition consisting of health education. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Outcome measures included psychological questionnaires (Perceived Stress Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire) and immunological parameters (pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β; anti-inflammatory cytokine: IL-10; C-reactive protein; natural killer cell activity; T-cell proliferation). Diurnal cortisol patterns were also assessed. Results demonstrated that MBSR participants, compared to controls, showed significant reductions in perceived stress, anxiety, and depression, along with increases in mindfulness facets (all p < 0.001). MBSR also led to significant decreases in pro-inflammatory markers IL-6 (p = 0.002) and TNF-α (p = 0.005), increases in anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p = 0.004), enhanced natural killer cell activity (p = 0.003), and normalized diurnal cortisol patterns (p = 0.002). Many of these effects persisted at the 3-month follow-up. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between changes in psychological measures, particularly the non-reactivity facet of mindfulness, and changes in immune parameters. These findings suggest that mindfulness meditation may reduce psychological stress and simultaneously modulate immune function through psychoneuroimmunological pathways, potentially offering a complementary approach to stress-related immune disorders and preventive healthcare strategies. Future research should extend these findings to clinical populations and investigate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects.
Utilization of Sea Fish Consumption (As a Source of Nutritional Products) to Improve the Health of Elementary School Students, High School, Vocational Schools and Islamic High Schools (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Indonesia has abundant fishery resources, but the level of fish consumption among school children is still low. This study aims to review the literature related to the utilization of marine fish consumption, especially tuna, in improving the health and learning achievement of students from elementary school to high school/vocational school/Islamic high school. Marine fish, especially tuna, are rich in protein, omega-3, DHA, and EPA which play an important role in brain development and endurance. Studies show that regular fish consumption can improve memory, focus on learning, and prevent stunting in children. However, low education, access to quality fish, and children's preference for fast food are the main challenges. Various government programs such as the Gerakan Memasyarakatkan Makan Ikan (GEMARIKAN) have been implemented to increase fish consumption among students. This study proposes innovative strategies such as diversification of fish processing in a form that is more attractive to children and more intensive education about the benefits of fish consumption for health. The results of this study are expected to provide recommendations for agency/institution policies in increasing fish consumption in educational environments in order to create a healthier and smarter generation.
A Determinants of Sleep Quality Among Postoperative Patients in Surgical Wards A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Sleep disturbances are common among postoperative patients and can significantly delay healing, elevate pain perception, and reduce psychological well-being. Multiple interrelated factors—including pain, anxiety, and environmental discomfort are believed to influence postoperative sleep quality, yet limited evidence exists in Indonesian hospital contexts. This study aimed to determine the relationship between environmental comfort, anxiety, and pain intensity with sleep quality among postoperative patients in surgical wards. A cross-sectional analytical survey was conducted in the Surgical Ward of the Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Makassar, Indonesia. A total of 60 postoperative patients were selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and standardized instruments: the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, and a Guttman-based questionnaire for environmental comfort and sleep fulfillment. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Findings revealed that 68.3% of patients experienced moderate-to-severe pain, 63.3% reported anxiety, and 55% perceived their ward environment as uncomfortable. Sleep inadequacy was reported by 65% of respondents. Significant associations were found between sleep fulfillment and pain intensity (p = 0.00), anxiety (p = 0.00), and environmental comfort (p = 0.00). Pain, anxiety, and environmental comfort are key determinants of sleep quality in postoperative patients. These findings underscore the need for holistic nursing interventions that integrate physical, psychological, and environmental care to promote optimal recovery and patient well-being.
Effective Strategies for Overcoming Stress and Anxiety
Stress and anxiety have become increasingly common mental health problems in modern society. This article discusses effective strategies for dealing with both conditions, with a focus on a holistic approach that includes physical, mental, and emotional aspects. A review of recent literature suggests that a combination of various techniques can provide optimal results in managing stress and anxiety. Research shows that deep breathing exercises and mindfulness meditation can significantly reduce stress and anxiety levels. These techniques help individuals stay centered in the present moment, reducing excessive thinking about the future which is often a source of anxiety. Additionally, regular exercise has been shown to be effective in improving mood and reducing stress symptoms through the release of endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones such as cortisol. Another important aspect is a balanced diet and adequate sleep. Proper nutrition can influence mental health, while good quality sleep helps the body and mind recover. This article also discusses the importance of social support and open communication in dealing with stress and anxiety. Sharing feelings with trusted people can provide a new perspective and reduce emotional burden. Cognitive strategies, such as reframing negative thoughts and acceptance exercises, are discussed as powerful tools for changing responses to stress-provoking situations. Time management and priority-setting techniques are also introduced as a way to reduce stress related to work or daily tasks. This article concludes that a multi-faceted approach that combines physical, mental, and social strategies is most effective in dealing with stress and anxiety. Consistent application of these strategies can improve mental well-being and overall quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Nutrition and Health Care
Literature Review: Nutritional Therapy for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Nutritional therapy is an important component in the care of critical patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This literature review aims to analyze the current evidence regarding optimal nutritional therapy strategies for ICU patients. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for studies published within the last 10 years. A total of 45 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed, including randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and clinical practice guidelines. The results of the review show that early initiation of enteral nutrition (within 24-48 hours after admission) is associated with reduced mortality and infectious complications compared with delayed nutrition. However, aggressive enteral nutrition should be avoided due to the risk of gastrointestinal intolerance. Parenteral nutrition should be considered if enteral nutrition is inadequate after 7-10 days. Close monitoring of nutritional status and adjustment of calorie-protein intake based on disease phase is essential. Supplementation of immunonutrients such as glutamine, arginine, and omega-3 fatty acids shows potential benefits in certain patient subgroups, but the evidence remains controversial. Routine administration of vitamins and trace elements is not recommended unless specific deficiencies are present. Tight glycemic control (80-110 mg/dL) is no longer recommended due to the increased risk of hypoglycemia, with looser targets (140-180 mg/dL) considered safer. In conclusion, an individualized and dynamic nutritional therapy approach is needed for ICU patients. Early enteral nutrition remains the modality of choice, with parenteral nutrition as a complement if needed. Close monitoring and adjustment of therapy based on tolerance and phase of disease is essential. Further research is needed to optimize nutritional strategies in diverse ICU patient populations.
Optimizing Nutrient Intake as a Preventive Effort in Overcoming Mental Health Problems: A Literature Review
Mental health has become an increasing global concern in recent years. Various approaches have been developed to treat mental health problems, including pharmacological interventions and psychotherapy. However, the role of nutrition in supporting mental health is still often overlooked. This literature review aims to explore the relationship between nutritional intake and mental health, as well as identify strategies for optimizing nutrition as a preventive measure in overcoming mental health problems. The methodology used was a systematic review of scientific articles published in the last 10 years, with a focus on studies examining the relationship between nutrition and mental health. The review results show that several nutrients have an important role in brain function and neurotransmitter regulation, including omega-3 fatty acids, B complex vitamins, magnesium, and zinc. Deficiencies in these nutrients have been linked to an increased risk of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Nutritional intervention studies show promising results in improving the symptoms of mental disorders and the quality of life of patients. Identified strategies for optimizing nutrient intake include (1) increasing consumption of nutrient-rich foods such as fish, green vegetables, nuts, and whole grains; (2) supplementation of certain nutrients in individuals at risk of deficiency; and (3) overall dietary modification, such as adopting a Mediterranean diet. Although these results are promising, further research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of nutritional interventions on a larger scale and in diverse populations. In addition, there is a need to develop practical guidelines for health professionals in integrating nutritional approaches into mental health management. In conclusion, optimizing nutritional intake has the potential to be an effective and relatively safe preventive strategy for overcoming mental health problems. This approach can be integrated into mental health promotion programs and clinical interventions to improve overall health outcomes.
Building a Resilient Immune System: The Role of Nutrition and a Healthy Lifestyle
A strong immune system is the main defense against various health threats. This research aims to investigate the role of nutrition and a healthy lifestyle in building and maintaining a strong immune system. This prospective cohort study involved 500 healthy participants aged 18-65 years who were followed for 12 months, and divided into four groups: control, nutritional intervention, lifestyle intervention, and combination intervention. Nutritional interventions include diets rich in antioxidants and immune-supporting nutrients, while lifestyle interventions include structured exercise programs, stress management, and improved sleep quality. Immune parameters measured include the number and activity of NK cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, cytokine levels, and antibody response to vaccination. The results show a significant synergistic effect between optimal nutrition and a healthy lifestyle in improving immune function. The combination intervention group showed the greatest increase in NK cell numbers (27.3%, p<0.001), decreased CRP levels (22.3%, p<0.01), and increased salivary IgA (15.7%, p<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis identified vitamin D intake, moderate-intensity physical activity, sleep quality, and stress levels as major predictors of immune function. The study also revealed a significant increase in antibody response to influenza vaccine in the lifestyle intervention group (23.4%, p<0.001). These findings have broad implications for clinical practice and public health policy, supporting a holistic approach to improving immune health. Although long-term research is needed to assess the impact on disease incidence, this study confirms that the combination of proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle is an effective strategy for building a resilient immune system, potentially improving the overall health and well-being of society.
Micronutrient Management and Health Impacts in the Elderly: Literature Review
The elderly are an age group that is vulnerable to experiencing micronutrient problems, which can have a significant impact on their health and quality of life. This literature review aims to examine micronutrient management in the elderly and its impact on health. The method used was a literature search from various electronic databases, including research articles and systematic reviews published in the last 10 years. The results of the review show that micronutrient deficiencies are common in the elderly, especially vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, and calcium. Contributing factors include decreased food intake, age-related physiological changes, drug interactions, and chronic health conditions. Effective micronutrient management includes regular nutritional status assessments, dietary interventions, appropriate supplementation, and nutritional education. The health impacts of micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly are very diverse, including an increased risk of osteoporosis, anemia, cognitive impairment, depression, and decreased immune function. Conversely, optimal micronutrient management can improve bone health, cognitive function, immune system, and cardiovascular health. This review also identified several challenges in micronutrient management in the elderly, including adherence to supplementation, variations in individual needs, and the complexity of interactions between various micronutrients. Suggested strategies include personalized approaches in nutritional interventions, integration of micronutrient management into primary health care, and increased awareness of the importance of micronutrients among health professionals and the general public. Effective micronutrient management has an important role in improving the health and quality of life of the elderly. Further research is needed to optimize intervention strategies and overcome challenges in their implementation.
The Role of Optimal Nutrition in Supporting the Immune System A Literature Review
This article aims to explore the role of optimal nutrition in supporting the immune system, through an extensive literature analysis. By focusing on essential nutrients, intestinal microbiota interactions, and the impact of nutritional deficiencies, we describe how these aspects contribute to the effectiveness of the immune response. Literature results show that optimal intake of vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium plays a crucial role in increasing the activity of immune cells and stimulating inflammatory responses. In addition, the balance of intestinal microbiota, which can be improved through the consumption of probiotics, has been shown to support the body's resistance to infection. On the other hand, nutritional deficiencies can inhibit immune system function, increasing susceptibility to disease. Integrating nutrition into your daily diet, especially through increasing consumption of fruit and vegetables, is a practical strategy for increasing the body's endurance. In conclusion, a deep understanding of the relationship between nutrition and immunity provides a basis for the development of effective nutritional strategies in improving health and the body's response to disease. This article invites readers to consider the important role of nutrition in the context of disease prevention and holistic health maintenance.
The Role of Nutritional Supplements in Supporting Elderly Health Care A Multidisciplinary Perspective
The health of the elderly is a major concern amidst the growing aging global population. In this context, the role of nutritional supplements in supporting the health of the elderly is becoming an increasingly important research focus. This article explores the role of nutritional supplements in aspects of elderly health from a multidisciplinary perspective, covering the fields of nutrition, medicine and gerontology. The research method involves analyzing the latest literature from various scientific sources with relevant keywords. Literature analysis reveals that nutritional supplements have diverse impacts on the health of older adults, including improving cognitive function, bone density, and the immune system. However, discussions surrounding the controversies and challenges regarding the use of nutritional supplements in the elderly highlight the need for a cautious approach in designing practice recommendations. Practical implications for clinical practice and directions for further research are also discussed, providing a basis for the development of more targeted practice guidelines. By summarizing these findings, this article concludes that the role of nutritional supplements in supporting the health of older adults requires a multidisciplinary approach. The diversity of findings, integration of scientific perspectives, and practical considerations provide a foundation for improving the health care of older adults in the future. These conclusions provide a valuable contribution to our understanding of the benefits and challenges of nutritional supplement use in the context of elderly health care.
Current Nutrition Strategies in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be a significant global health challenge, requiring a comprehensive approach to its prevention and management. This study explores recent developments in customized nutritional strategies to address the complexities of DM. The study utilized an observational and experimental design, involving individuals diagnosed with DM. Data collection included health and nutrition surveys, laboratory analyses, and individualized nutrition interventions. Results showed substantial improvements in fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, weight loss, and improved lipid profiles following the personalized nutrition intervention. The discussion emphasizes the effectiveness of personalized nutrition strategies, stressing the importance of an individualized approach and highlighting the positive impact on blood glucose control, weight management, and lipid profiles. The findings show promising implications for clinical practice, emphasizing the potential for developing more effective and individualized nutritional guidelines for the prevention and management of Diabetes Mellitus. Limitations and avenues for further research are discussed, emphasizing the need for a larger sample size and longer follow-up period. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the role of current nutritional strategies in the holistic management of Diabetes Mellitus, paving the way for improved personalized care and better outcomes.
Innovations in Nutrition Education Programs to Increase Public Awareness of Nutritional Health
Optimal nutritional health is key to preventing various health problems. This article discusses innovations in nutrition education programmes that aim to increase public awareness of the importance of nutritional health. It presents new strategies in the design and implementation of education programmes that can effectively increase knowledge and positive behaviours related to nutrition. By utilising technological, interactive and community-based approaches, the article explores how such innovations can more effectively achieve the goal of empowering people to make better nutrition decisions. The findings from this article are expected to provide valuable guidance for the development and improvement of nutrition education programmes at various levels of society, contributing to the overall improvement of nutritional health.
The Role of Nutrient Intake During Pregnancy in the Development of Fetal and Infant Health
Pregnancy is a critical period in the human life cycle that requires special attention regarding nutritional intake to support foetal and infant development. This article investigates in depth the crucial role of nutritional intake during pregnancy in the development of foetal and infant health. First, we explore the influence of balanced nutrition on foetal growth by examining its positive impact on the formation of major organs and the development of the nervous system. Secondly, this article discusses the association between the intake of certain nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids, with birth weight adequacy and the risk of metabolic diseases at the infant stage. Furthermore, we detail the effects of nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy, highlighting the potential risks to premature birth, developmental abnormalities and other health problems in infants. In addition, the study considers the impact of excess intake of certain nutrients, providing insight into the potential risks associated with overconsumption that may affect foetal and infant health. Finally, the article presents the practical implications of the findings by highlighting the need for appropriate and customized nutritional guidance during pregnancy to improve the long-term health of children. In conclusion, an in-depth understanding of the role of nutrient intake during pregnancy may provide the basis for more effective prevention and intervention efforts to improve foetal and infant health.